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Glossary

Bank Reconciliation

Bank reconciliation is the process of matching a bank statement against a general ledger or accounting record to confirm that cash balances agree and identify discrepancies.

Full definition

Bank reconciliation involves comparing the transactions recorded in a bank statement — as reported by the financial institution — with the entries recorded in the organization's general ledger or accounting system. The goal is to confirm that cash balances match and to identify timing differences, missing entries, bank errors, unrecorded fees, or other discrepancies that require investigation.

Why it matters

Bank reconciliation is one of the most fundamental financial controls. Unreconciled balances can indicate errors, missing transactions, timing differences, or in some cases possible duplicate payments that need review before financial reports are finalized.

Example

A business runs its monthly bank reconciliation. The bank statement shows a $4,200 credit not appearing in the ledger. Investigation reveals it was a customer payment that had not yet been posted to the accounting system. It becomes an exception that requires a ledger entry.

How Certanexa helps

Certanexa helps finance teams reconcile bank statement files against general ledger exports using smart matching rules — handling timing differences, amount tolerances, reference mismatches, and configurable date-proximity windows.

Safe boundary: Certanexa helps reduce manual bank reconciliation work but does not guarantee perfect matching. Finance teams remain responsible for final review and sign-off.

Related terms

Account Reconciliation
Account reconciliation is the process of comparing financial records from different sources to co…
Ledger Matching
Ledger matching is the comparison of transaction records across two financial files to identify e…
Timing Difference
A timing difference is a reconciliation exception that occurs when the same transaction is record…
Missing Ledger Entry
A missing ledger entry is a transaction that appears in the bank statement but has no correspondi…
Missing Bank Transaction
A missing bank transaction is an entry recorded in the general ledger that has no corresponding r…

Related pages

Bank Reconciliation Software
Reconciliation
Account Reconciliation Guide

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